![]() The capitalists behaved like socialists while the socialists behaved like capitalists. Why did the Soviet network, with top-level scientists and patriotic incentives, fail while the American network succeeded? In How Not to Network a Nation, Benjamin Peters reverses the usual cold war dualities and argues that the American ARPANET took shape thanks to well-managed state subsidies and collaborative research environments and the Soviet network projects stumbled because of unregulated competition among self-interested institutions, bureaucrats, and others. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American precursor to the Internet, went online in 1969. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. ![]() Between 19, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation - to construct a nationwide computer network. ![]()
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